10-Q

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q


☒	Quarterly Report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
	For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2024

☐	Transition Report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
	For the transition period from _________ to ________

Commission File Number: 000-54677

CV Sciences, Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)


Delaware		80-0944970
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)		(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

9530 Padgett Street, Suite 107

San Diego, CA 92126

(Address of principal executive offices)

(866) 290-2157

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

N/A

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)


Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each class	Trading symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
None

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ý No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ý No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.


Large accelerated filer	☐	Accelerated filer	☐
Non-accelerated filer	☒	Smaller reporting company	☒
		Emerging growth company	☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

As of November 11, 2024, the issuer had 184,263,663 shares of issued and outstanding common stock, par value $0.0001 per share.

CV SCIENCES, INC.

FORM 10-Q

TABLE OF CONTENTS


		PAGE
PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1.	Financial Statements (unaudited)	1
	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets	1
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations	2
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)	3
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity	4
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows	5
	Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	6
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	19
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure About Market Risk	29
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	29

PART II – OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	30
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	30
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	30
Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	30
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosure	30
Item 5.	Other Information	30
Item 6.	Exhibits	31

	SIGNATURES	33

PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements (unaudited)

CV SCIENCES, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (UNAUDITED)

(in thousands, except per share data)


	September 30, 2024			December 31, 2023
Assets
Current assets:
Cash	$	979		$	1,317
Accounts receivable, net		422			431
Inventory		5,020			5,655
Prepaid expenses and other		327			535
Total current assets		6,748			7,938

Property and equipment, net		490			379
Right of use assets		81			167
Intangibles, net		103			78
Goodwill		815			342
Other assets		154			296
Total assets	$	8,391		$	9,200

Liabilities and stockholders' equity
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	$	1,886		$	2,309
Accrued expenses		3,422			3,422
Operating lease liability - current		92			130
Debt		743			254
Total current liabilities		6,143			6,115

Operating lease liability - net of current portion		—			58
Deferred tax liability		19			19
Other liabilities		38			105
Total liabilities		6,200			6,297

Commitments and contingencies (Note 10)

Stockholders' equity
Preferred stock, par value $0.0001; 10,000 shares authorized; 1 share issued as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023; and no shares outstanding as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023		—			—
Common stock, par value $0.0001; 790,000 shares authorized as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023; 184,264 and 161,678 shares issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively		18			16
Additional paid-in capital		88,409			87,464
Accumulated deficit		(86,255	)		(84,587	)
Accumulated other comprehensive income		19			10
Total stockholders' equity		2,191			2,903

Total liabilities and stockholders' equity	$	8,391		$	9,200

See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

CV SCIENCES, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (UNAUDITED)

(in thousands, except per share data)


	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024			2023			2024			2023
Product sales, net	$	3,865		$	4,089		$	11,821		$	12,203
Cost of goods sold		2,087			2,246			6,330			6,860
Gross profit		1,778			1,843			5,491			5,343

Operating expenses:
Research and development		29			40			93			111
Selling, general and administrative		2,090			2,240			6,942			7,154
Benefit from reversal of accrued payroll taxes (Note 12)		—			—			—			(6,171	)
Total operating expenses		2,119			2,280			7,035			1,094

Operating income (loss)		(341	)		(437	)		(1,544	)		4,249

Other expense, net		115			10			118			275
Income (loss) before income taxes		(456	)		(447	)		(1,662	)		3,974
Income tax expense		—			—			6			3
Net income (loss)	$	(456	)	$	(447	)	$	(1,668	)	$	3,971

Weighted average common shares outstanding, basic and diluted		182,261			154,604			172,671			153,112

Net income (loss) per common share, basic and diluted	$	(0.00	)	$	(0.00	)	$	(0.01	)	$	0.03

See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

CV SCIENCES, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) (UNAUDITED)

(in thousands, except per share data)


	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024			2023			2024			2023
Net income (loss)	$	(456	)	$	(447	)	$	(1,668	)	$	3,971
Other comprehensive loss:
Foreign currency translation adjustment		21			—			9			—
Total comprehensive income (loss)	$	(435	)	$	(447	)	$	(1,659	)	$	3,971

See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

CV SCIENCES, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (UNAUDITED)

(in thousands)


	Preferred Stock				Common Stock				Additional Paid-In		Accumulated			Accumulated Other Comprehensive
	Shares		Amount		Shares		Amount		Capital		Deficit			Income (Loss)			Total
Balance at December 31, 2023		—	$	—		161,678	$	16	$	87,464	$	(84,587	)	$	10		$	2,903
Issuance of common stock for services		—		—		1,550		—		62		—			—			62
Stock-based compensation		—		—		—		—		30		—			—			30
Foreign currency translation adjustment		—		—		—		—		—		—			(5	)		(5	)
Net loss		—		—		—		—		—		(628	)		—			(628	)
Balance at March 31, 2024		—		—		163,228		16		87,556		(85,215	)		5			2,362
Issuance of common stock for acquisition		—		—		17,423		2		698		—			—			700
Stock-based compensation		—		—		—		—		37		—			—			37
Foreign currency translation adjustment		—		—		—		—		—		—			(7	)		(7	)
Net loss		—		—		—		—		—		(584	)		—			(584	)
Balance at June 30, 2024		—		—		180,651		18		88,291		(85,799	)		(2	)		2,508
Issuance of common stock for services		—		—		3,613		—		31		—			—			31
Stock-based compensation		—		—		—		—		87		—			—			87
Foreign currency translation adjustment		—		—		—		—		—		—			21			21
Net loss		—		—		—		—		—		(456	)		—			(456	)
Balance at September 30, 2024		—	$	—		184,264	$	18	$	88,409	$	(86,255	)	$	19		$	2,191


	Preferred Stock				Common Stock				Additional Paid-In		Accumulated			Accumulated Other Comprehensive
	Shares		Amount		Shares		Amount		Capital		Deficit			Income (Loss)		Total
Balance at December 31, 2022		—	$	—		152,104	$	15	$	86,897	$	(87,689	)	$	—	$	(777	)
Stock-based compensation		—		—		—		—		118		—			—		118
Net income		—		—		—		—		—		5,706			—		5,706
Balance at March 31, 2023		—		—		152,104		15		87,015		(81,983	)		—		5,047
Issuance of common stock for services		—		—		2,500		—		100		—			—		100
Stock-based compensation		—		—		—		—		35		—			—		35
Net loss		—		—		—		—		—		(1,288	)		—		(1,288	)
Balance at June 30, 2023		—		—		154,604		15		87,150		(83,271	)		—		3,894
Stock-based compensation		—		—		—		—		32		—			—		32
Net loss		—		—		—		—		—		(447	)		—		(447	)
Balance at September 30, 2023		—	$	—		154,604	$	15	$	87,182	$	(83,718	)	$	—	$	3,479

See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

CV SCIENCES, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (UNAUDITED)

(in thousands)


	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024			2023
OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Net income (loss)	$	(1,668	)	$	3,971
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash flows provided by (used in) operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization		220			176
Stock-based compensation		154			185
Amortization of debt discount		117			112
Amortization of right of use assets		86			80
Gain in fair value of contingent consideration liabilities		(188	)		—
Benefit from reversal of accrued payroll tax (Note 12)		—			(6,171	)
Other		236			368
Change in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable		19			103
Inventory		689			834
Prepaid expenses and other		208			2,778
Accounts payable and accrued expenses		(570	)		(69	)
Net cash flows provided by (used in) operating activities		(697	)		2,367

INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Acquisition of business, net of cash acquired		(6	)		—
Net cash flows used in investing activities		(6	)		—

FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Proceeds from note payable		900			—
Debt issuance costs related to note payable		(5	)		—
Repayment of note payable		(325	)		(1,117	)
Repayment of unsecured debt		(203	)		(218	)
Net cash flows provided by (used in) financing activities		367			(1,335	)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash		(2	)		—
Net increase (decrease) in cash		(338	)		1,032
Cash, beginning of period		1,317			611
Cash, end of period	$	979		$	1,643

Supplemental cash flow disclosure:
Interest paid	$	6		$	4
Income taxes paid	$	6		$	—

Supplemental disclosures of non-cash transactions:
Services paid with common stock	$	92		$	100
Debt issuance cost for note payable	$	(284	)	$	—
Working capital adjustment due from seller	$	34		$	—
Fair value of net assets acquired, excluding cash	$	341		$	—
Goodwill on acquisition		365			—
Common stock consideration		(700	)		—
Contingent consideration		—			—
Cash paid for acquisition	$	6		$	—

See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

CV SCIENCES, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

ORGANIZATION AND BUSINESS

Historical Information - CV Sciences, Inc. (the “Company”) was incorporated under the name Foreclosure Solutions, Inc. in the State of Texas on December 9, 2010. The Company subsequently changed its name to CannaVest Corp. (Texas) on January 29, 2013. On July 25, 2013, the Company merged with and into its wholly-owned Delaware subsidiary, CannaVest Corp (Delaware), to effectuate a change in the Company’s state of incorporation from Texas to Delaware. On January 4, 2016, the Company filed a Certificate of Amendment of Certificate of Incorporation reflecting its corporate name change to “CV Sciences, Inc.”, effective on January 5, 2016. In addition, on January 4, 2016, the Company amended its Bylaws to reflect its corporate name change to “CV Sciences, Inc.”

Description of Business - The Company develops, manufactures, markets and sells herbal supplements and hemp-based cannabidiol ("CBD"). The Company sells its products under tradenames, such as +PlusCBD™ and +PlusCBD™Pet. The Company's products are sold in a variety of market sectors including nutraceutical, beauty care and specialty foods. In addition, subject to available capital, the Company is developing drug candidates which use CBD as a primary active ingredient.

On December 7, 2023, the Company acquired Cultured Foods Sp. z.o.o., a limited liability company organized under the laws of Poland ("Cultured Foods"). Cultured Foods is a European manufacturer and distributor of plant-based protein products. The Company's plant-based food products are sold under the Cultured Foods brand.

On May 13, 2024, the Company acquired Elevated Softgels LLC, a Delaware limited liability company ("Elevated Softgels"). Elevated Softgels is a manufacturer of encapsulated softgels and tinctures for the supplement and nutrition industry.

Basis of Presentation - The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States ("U.S. GAAP") for interim financial information and the instructions to Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and notes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, the interim financial information includes all normal recurring adjustments necessary for a fair statement of the results for the interim periods. On December 7, 2023, the Company acquired Cultured Foods and on May 13, 2024, the Company acquired Elevated Softgels, both of which are now wholly owned subsidiaries of the Company. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. These condensed consolidated financial statements are unaudited and should be read in conjunction with the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for its fiscal year ended December 31, 2023, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 29, 2024. Operating results for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of operating results for an entire fiscal year.

Liquidity Considerations - U.S. GAAP requires management to assess a company's ability to continue as a going concern for a period of one year from the financial statement issuance date and to provide related note disclosure in certain circumstances. The accompanying financial statements and notes have been prepared assuming the Company will continue as a going concern. The Company generated negative cash flows from operations of $0.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and had an accumulated deficit of $86.3 million as of September 30, 2024. Management anticipates that the Company will be dependent, for the near future, on additional investment capital to fund operations, growth initiatives and to continue to make and implement strategic cost reductions, including reductions in employee headcount, vendor spending, and delaying expenses related to its drug development activities. The Company intends to position itself so that it will be able to raise additional funds through the capital markets, issuance of debt, and/or securing lines of credit.

In July 2024, the Company received net proceeds of $0.9 million under a Secured Promissory Note with Streeterville Capital, LLC, a Utah limited liability company ("Streeterville") - refer to Note 6 for more information.

The Company's financial operating results and accumulated deficit, amongst other factors, raise substantial doubt about the Company's ability to continue as a going concern. The Company will continue to pursue the actions outlined above, as well as work towards increasing revenue and operating cash flows to meet its future liquidity requirements. However, there can be no assurance that the Company will be successful in any capital-raising efforts that it may undertake, and the failure of the Company to raise additional capital could adversely affect its future operations and viability.

Use of Estimates - The preparation of the condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts in the condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results may differ from these estimates. Significant estimates include the valuation of intangible assets, inputs for valuing equity awards, valuation of inventory and assumptions related to revenue recognition.

CV SCIENCES, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

Fair Value Measurements - Fair value is defined as the price that would be received from the sale of an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. The carrying values of accounts receivable, other current assets, accounts payable, and certain accrued expenses as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, approximate their fair value due to the short-term nature of these items. The Company's insurance financing balance also approximates fair value as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 and the note payable balance as of December 31, 2023 also approximates fair value, as the interest rate on the note payable and insurance financing approximates the rates available to the Company as of such dates. The accounting guidance establishes a three-level hierarchy for disclosure that is based on the extent and level of judgment used to estimate the fair value of assets and liabilities.

•

Level 1 - uses unadjusted quoted prices that are available in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. The Company does not have any assets or liabilities that are valued using inputs identified under a Level 1 hierarchy as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023.

•

Level 2 - uses inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are either directly or indirectly observable through correlation with market data. These include quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active; and inputs to valuation models or other pricing methodologies that do not require significant judgment because the inputs used in the model, such as interest rates and volatility, can be corroborated by readily observable market data. The Company did not have any assets or liabilities that are valued using inputs identified under a Level 2 hierarchy as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023.

•

Level 3 - uses one or more significant inputs that are unobservable and supported by little or no market activity, and that reflect the use of significant management judgment. Level 3 assets and liabilities include those whose fair value measurements are determined using pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies or similar valuation techniques, and significant management judgment or estimation. Except as described below in Note 3. Acquisitions, the Company did not have any assets or liabilities that are valued using inputs identified under a Level 3 hierarchy as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023.

Revenues - The majority of the Company's revenue contracts represent a single performance obligation related to the fulfillment of customer orders for the purchase of its products. Net sales reflect the transaction prices for these contracts based on the Company's selling list price, which is then reduced by estimated costs for trade promotional programs, consumer incentives, and allowances and discounts used to incentivize sales growth and build brand awareness. The Company recognizes revenue at the point in time that control of the ordered product is transferred to the customer, which is typically upon shipment to the customer or other customer-designated delivery point. The Company accrues for estimated sales returns by customers based on historical sales return results. The computation of the sales return and other allowances require that management makes certain estimates and assumptions that effect the timing and amounts of revenue and liabilities recorded. Shipping and handling fees charged to customers are included in product sales. Taxes collected from customers that are remitted to governmental agencies are accounted for on a net basis and not included as revenue.

The following represents product sales by retail (B2B) and e-commerce (B2C) channels for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023:


	Three months ended September 30, 2024					Three months ended September 30, 2023
	Amount		% of product sales, net			Amount		% of product sales, net
	(in thousands)					(in thousands)
Retail sales (B2B)	$	2,209		57.2	%	$	2,415		59.1	%
E-Commerce sales (B2C)		1,656		42.8	%		1,674		40.9	%
Product sales, net	$	3,865		100.0	%	$	4,089		100.0	%


	Nine months ended September 30, 2024					Nine months ended September 30, 2023
	Amount		% of product sales, net			Amount		% of product sales, net
	(in thousands)					(in thousands)
Retail sales (B2B)	$	6,660		56.3	%	$	7,144		58.5	%
E-Commerce sales (B2C)		5,161		43.7	%		5,059		41.5	%
Product sales, net	$	11,821		100.0	%	$	12,203		100.0	%

Recent Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted

In October 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2023-06, “Disclosure Improvements: Codification Amendments in Response to the SEC’s Disclosure Update and Simplification Initiative”

CV SCIENCES, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

(“ASU 2023-06”). This ASU incorporates certain SEC disclosure requirements into the FASB Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”). The amendments in the ASU are expected to clarify or improve disclosure and presentation requirements of a variety of ASC Topics, allow users to more easily compare entities subject to the SEC’s existing disclosures with those entities that were not previously subject to the requirements, and align the requirements in the ASC with the SEC’s regulations. The ASU has an unusual effective date and transition requirements since it is contingent on future SEC rule setting. If the SEC fails to enact required changes by June 30, 2027, this ASU is not effective for any entities. Early adoption is not permitted.

In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures, which requires companies to enhance the disclosures about segment expenses. The new standard requires the disclosure of the Company’s Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”), expanded incremental line-item disclosures of significant segment expenses used by the CODM for decision-making, and the inclusion of previous annual only segment disclosure requirements on a quarterly basis. This ASU should be applied retrospectively for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023 and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this guidance on the Company's consolidated financial statements.

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Taxes Disclosures, which requires greater disaggregation of income tax disclosures. The new standard requires additional information to be disclosed with respect to the income tax rate reconciliation and income taxes paid disaggregated by jurisdiction. This ASU should be applied prospectively for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, with retrospective application permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impacts of this guidance on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In March 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-02 “Codification Improvements – Amendments to Remove References to the Concepts Statements.” The amendments in this update are effective for public business entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. For all other entities, the amendments are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2025. Early application of the amendments in this update is permitted for all entities, for any fiscal year or interim period for which financial statements have not yet been issued (or made available for issuance). If an entity adopts the amendments in an interim period, it must adopt them as of the beginning of the fiscal year that includes that interim period. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that the adoption of this standard will have on its consolidated financial statements.

In November of 2024, FASB issued ASU 2024-03, “Income Statement-Reporting Comprehensive Income-Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses.” Under ASU 2024-03, a public entity would be required to disclose information about purchases of inventory, employee compensation, depreciation, intangible asset amortization, and depletion for each income statement line item that contains those expenses. Entities would also have to disclose other specific expenses, gains, or losses that are already required to be disclosed under GAAP in this same disclosure, a qualitative description of the amounts remaining that are not separately disaggregated quantitatively, and the total amount of selling expenses, as well as an entity’s definition of selling expenses. ASU 2024-03 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027. ASU 2024-03 allows for early adoption and requires either prospective adoption to financial statements issued for reporting periods after the effective date of ASU 2024-03 or retrospectively to any or all prior periods presented in the financial statements. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that the adoption of this standard will have on its consolidated financial statements.

Recent Adopted Pronouncements

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments and subsequent amendments to the initial guidance: ASU 2018-19, ASU 2019-04 and ASU 2019-05 (collectively, “Topic 326”). Topic 326 requires measurement and recognition of expected credit losses for financial assets held. Topic 326 was to be effective for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019, with early adoption permitted. In November 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-10, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326), Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815), and Leases (Topic 842) Effective Dates, which deferred the effective dates for the Company, as a smaller reporting company, until fiscal year 2023. The Company adopted this guidance as of January 1, 2023. Adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements or its disclosures.

BALANCE SHEET DETAILS

Inventory

Inventory as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 was comprised of the following (in thousands):

CV SCIENCES, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)


	September 30, 2024		December 31, 2023
Raw materials	$	2,682	$	2,892
Work in process		1,174		1,181
Finished goods		1,164		1,582
	$	5,020	$	5,655

Accrued expenses

Accrued expenses as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 were as follows (in thousands):


	September 30, 2024		December 31, 2023
Accrued payroll taxes (Note 12)	$	522	$	522
Accrued payroll expenses		1,407		1,388
Other accrued liabilities		1,493		1,512
	$	3,422	$	3,422

ACQUISITIONS

Cultured Foods

On December 7, 2023, the Company acquired all the issued and outstanding equity interests of Cultured Foods. Cultured Foods manufactures and distributes plant-based food products. Cultured Foods is based in Poland. This acquisition provided the Company with growth opportunities in both plant-based food products and distribution of CBD products into Europe.

The acquisition closed on December 7, 2023 and, accordingly, the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss) included Cultured Foods' results of operations for the periods from December 7, 2023 through December 31, 2023, and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024. As a result of the business combination, acquisition costs of $0.1 million were expensed as incurred during the year ended December 31, 2023.

The following table outlines the total consideration transferred (in thousands):


Cash	$	192
Common shares		250
Earn-out		88
Total consideration transferred	$	530

The following table summarizes the assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the acquisition date (in thousands):


Cash	$	18
Accounts receivable and other receivables		11
Inventories		133
Intangible assets		78
Other current assets		17
Fixed assets		38
Goodwill		334
Total assets		629

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities		27
Current notes payable		50
Deferred tax liabilities		22
Total liabilities		99
Net assets acquired	$	530

CV SCIENCES, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

The fair value of acquired intangible assets were determined using a forecasted cash flow and a cost approach. Acquired intangible assets consists of trade names and customer relationships. The Company assigned a 5-year useful life to the acquired intangible assets. The Company determined that Cultured Foods carrying costs approximates fair value for all other acquired assets and assumed liabilities.

Included in the purchase agreement is an earn-out provision whereby the Company agreed to pay the Cultured Foods' selling equityholder additional consideration contingent on achievement of certain annual revenue results of Cultured Foods in 2024. During the three months ended September 30, 2024, the Company adjusted its previously recorded accrual of $88,000 for the earn-out provision, as the revenues of Cultured Foods are expected to be insufficient to trigger any earn-out payments. The potential earn-out was originally recorded as additional goodwill. During the three months ended September 30, 2024, the Company recorded the change in the fair value of the earn-out subsequent to the acquisition date of $88,000 in selling, general and administrative expense. The valuation and purchase price allocation for the Cultured Foods acquisition remains preliminary and will be finalized no later than one year after the acquisition date. As of the date of this Quarterly Report, management is still in the process of evaluating the estimated fair value of the consideration transferred. In addition, management is still evaluating the allocation of the acquisition purchase price to the tangible and intangible assets acquired, liabilities assumed, and the resulting goodwill. Management's analysis of these items has not yet been completed because of the inherent complexities of estimating fair values. Therefore, the business combination amounts presented were determined by management based on its consideration of all currently available information; however, management has not fully completed its business combination analysis and such amounts must be considered provisional amounts.

Elevated Softgels

On May 13, 2024, the Company acquired all the issued and outstanding membership interests in Elevated Softgels. Elevated Softgels manufactures encapsulated softgels and tinctures for the supplement and nutrition industry. Elevated Softgels is based in Grand Junction, Colorado. This acquisition creates opportunity to further increase the Company's sales to current and new clients. In addition, the Company intends to in-source production of certain key products.

The acquisition closed on May 13, 2024 and, accordingly, the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss) included Elevated Softgels' results of operations for the period from May 13, 2024 through September 30, 2024. As a result of the business combination, acquisition costs of $13,704 were expensed as incurred during the nine months ended September 30, 2024.

The following table outlines the total consideration transferred (in thousands):


Cash	$	37
Common shares		700
Earn-out		100
Total consideration transferred	$	837

The following table summarizes the assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the acquisition date (in thousands):


Cash	$	31
Inventories		49
Intangible assets		38
Other non-current assets		11
Fixed assets		316
Goodwill		465
Total assets		910

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities		73
Total liabilities		73
Net assets acquired	$	837

The fair value of acquired intangible assets were determined using a forecasted cash flow approach. Acquired intangible assets consists of customer relationships. The Company assigned a 5-year useful life to the acquired intangible assets. The Company determined that Elevated Softgels carrying costs approximates fair value for all other acquired assets and assumed liabilities.

Included in the purchase agreement is an earn-out provision whereby the Company agreed to pay the Elevated Softgels' selling equityholders additional consideration contingent on achievement of certain net revenue of Elevated Softgels for the 12-months period starting on May 13, 2024. During the three months ended September 30, 2024, the Company adjusted its previously recorded accrual of $100,000 for the earn-out provision, as the revenues of Elevated Softgels are expected to be insufficient to trigger any earn-out payments. The potential earn-out was originally recorded as additional goodwill. During the three months ended September 30, 2024,

CV SCIENCES, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

the Company recorded the change in the fair value of the earn-out subsequent to the acquisition date of $100,000 in selling, general and administrative expense. In addition, during the three months ended September 30, 2024, the Company adjusted certain estimated fair values of acquired assets and assumed liabilities through goodwill. The valuation and purchase price allocation for the Elevated Softgels acquisition remains preliminary and will be finalized no later than one year after the acquisition date. As of the date of this Quarterly Report, management is still in the process of evaluating the estimated fair value of the consideration transferred. In addition, management is still evaluating the allocation of the acquisition purchase price to the tangible and intangible assets acquired, liabilities assumed, and the resulting goodwill. Management's analysis of these items has not yet been completed because of the inherent complexities of estimating fair values. Therefore, the business combination amounts presented were determined by management based on its consideration of all currently available information; however, management has not fully completed its business combination analysis and such amounts must be considered provisional amounts.

GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS

Goodwill

The following table summarizes the changes in the carrying amounts of goodwill (in thousands):


	Carrying Amount
Balance - December 31, 2023:	$	342
Acquisition of Elevated Softgels		465
Translation adjustment		8
Balance - September 30, 2024:	$	815

As of December 31, 2023, the Company performed its annual goodwill impairment analysis following the steps laid out in ASC 350-20-35-3C. The Company's annual impairment analysis included a qualitative assessment to determine if it was necessary to perform the quantitative impairment test. After performing a qualitative test, the Company concluded that it was more likely than not that the fair value of the Company exceeds its carrying value of goodwill. Accordingly, there was no indication of impairment and the qualitative impairment test was not performed. The Company did not record any goodwill impairment charges for the year ended December 31, 2023. No indicators of impairment were identified during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024. The Company's annual impairment testing date is December 31 of each year.

Intangible Assets

The following table summarizes the intangible assets and the related accumulated amortization (in thousands):


	September 30, 2024			December 31, 2023
Gross carrying amount	$	116		$	78
Accumulated amortization		(16	)		(1	)
Translation adjustment		3			1
Net carrying amount	$	103		$	78

Changes in the carrying amounts of intangible assets are summarized below (in thousands):


	Trade names		Customer relationships		Total
Balance - December 31, 2023:	$	52	$	26	$	78
Acquisition of Elevated Softgels		—		38		38
Amortization		(8